A gastroscopy is a procedure where a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope is used to look inside the oesophagus (gullet), stomach and first part of the small intestine (duodenum). It's also sometimes referred to as an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The endoscope has a light and a camera at one end.

Lumbar Laminotomy and Microdiscectomy

What is Osteoporosis

show your patients how to use an inhaler

Gleevecs mechanism of Action

Not sure what to expect with your child's upcoming surgery at Wesley Children's Hospital? This guided tour will walk you through the process to make both patients and families feel as comfortable as possible.

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Dr. Mike Evans is founder of the Health Design Lab at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, an Associate Professor of Family Medicine and Public Health at the University of Toronto, and a staff physician at St. Michael's Hospital.

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©2014 Michael Evans and Reframe Health Films Inc.

Worlds Most Amazing Medical Case

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What does a fistula for dialysis look like?
A fistula for dialysis is a surgical connection between a vein and an artery.
In this video, I will show you a real fistula and how we should evaluate it before a dialysis connection.

Additional videos:
💉How to properly cannulate a fistula: https://youtu.be/IqoHnzFyhJQ
💉 What is a fistula for dialysis treatment: https://youtu.be/B5EEf-MklFk
💉 The 10-second assessment for fistulas: https://youtu.be/Uqo0LhjZSI8

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Additional resources:

What Does a Healthy AV Fistula Look Like? | Azura Vascular ...
www.azuravascularcare.com infodialysisaccess healt...
Jul 17, 2018 — An AV fistula is a surgically-created permanent access located under the skin, making a direct connection between a vein and an artery. An AV fistula is typically created in the non-dominant arm. If the veins in your arm are not large or healthy enough to support a fistula, it may be created in your leg.

Preparing for Dialysis (AV Fistula) Fact Sheets Yale ...
www.yalemedicine.org › conditions › preparing-dialysi...
To undergo dialysis, patients need a surgical procedure to create an access point for the dialysis machine. An AV fistula is the most common access point.

Vascular Access for Hemodialysis - Life Options
lifeoptions.org living-with-kidney-failure vascular-a...
Jump to How a Catheter Looks and Feels — This makes a pattern that looks a bit like a rope ladder. The next best way—for fistulas ONLY—is the “Buttonhole ...
‎Fistula or Graft Surgery · ‎Needle Fear · ‎How a Fistula or Graft Looks...

Taking Care of Your Fistula - DaVita
www.davita.com dialysis preparing-for-dialysis › ta...
An arteriovenous (AV) fistula is a type of access used for hemodialysis. ... access because it utilizes the patient's own vessels and does not require permanent placement of foreign materials such ... Look for redness or swelling around the fistula area. ... This sound may change from a whooshing noise to a whistle-like sound.

Vascular Access for Hemodialysis - Department of Surgery
surgery.ucsf.edu conditions--procedures vascular-ac...
The patient does not need anesthesia for this procedure. ... A vascular surgeon performs AV graft surgery, much like AV fistula surgery, in an outpatient center or ...

Frequently Asked Questions about Dialysis Access Surgery ...
www.bidmc.org transplant-institute frequently-aske...
Dialysis access surgery creates the vascular opening so a needle can be inserted for ... fluid and to correct electrolytes like potassium, sodium, phosphate and calcium, to name a few. ... Where are AV fistulas located and how long do they last?

Fistula and Graft Placement (Eric K. Peden, MD) - YouTube
www.youtube.com watch
Mar 28, 2016 — ... Bootcamp 2015 August 14 - 16, 2015 "Dialysis Access" Fistula and Graft Placement (Eric K. Peden, MD) DICET@Houstonmethodist.org.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder Information

External cephalic version is a process by which a breech baby can sometimes be turned from buttocks or foot first to head first. External cephalic version (ECV) is a manual procedure that is advocated by national guidelines for breech presentation singleton pregnancy, in order to enable vaginal delivery.

Business Insider's Michelle Yan has been nearsighted since she was 9 years old. After laser eye surgery, she has 20/20. She walks us through the pre-surgery steps, the actual surgery, as well as the recovery process.

MORE MEDICAL TECH:
8 Medical Procedures That Are Improving Lives
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTMMrAP6DNI
13 Medical Procedures Changing The Health World
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VAR44vnxWis
Lifelike Medical Robot Actually Bleeds
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IjnhmcCQLsc

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What It's Like To Get Laser Eye Surgery

• Define and use related medical terminology.
• Describe and demonstrate techniques for imaging the thyroid gland.
• Discuss functional abnormalities of the thyroid gland.
• Correlate laboratory data relevant to the thyroid and parathyroid glands.
• Describe, and recognize on images, pathologies of the thyroid gland.
• Identify the anatomy of the parathyroid glands on diagrams and sonograms.
• Describe and demonstrate techniques for imaging the parathyroid glands.
• Describe, and recognize on images, pathologies of the parathyroid glands.
• List and describe other neck masses.
• Follow relevant protocols when scanning.
• Differentiate the sonographic appearances of the female reproductive organs in relation to the menstrual cycle, the use of contraceptives and hormone replacement, and following chemotherapy.
• Explain the Patient Privacy Rule (HIPAA) and Patient Safety Act (see reference).

The term dermoid cyst does not appear to be restricted to a single kind of lesion nor is it used in only a single medical discipline. The term dermoid cyst can be found in the vocabulary of dermatologists, dermatopathologists, general pathologists, gynecologists, neurosurgeons, or pediatricians. If asked, all of these clinicians would most probably define and describe dermoid cysts differently. For example, gynecologists and general pathologists might say that a dermoid cyst is a cystic tumor of the ovary. In contrast, neurosurgeons tend to view a dermoid cyst is associated with a congenital cyst of the spine or an intracranial congenital cyst. For pediatricians and dermatologists, dermoid cyst means subcutaneous cysts, which are usually congenital.[1]

The cardiac examination is one of the earliest clinical skills that medical students learn. As a junior doctor, the examination of the cardiovascular system can be almost a dreaded examination, as cardiac murmurs can literally take years of exposure in order to gain confidence with their identification through cardiac auscultation.

This video demonstrates not merely the examination of the heart, but the complete cardiovascular system including peripheries.

I hope these clinical skill revision videos are helpful, please like and subscribe and join the community so that we can create more effective videos to help with your journey through medical school

#CardiacExam #ClinicalExamination #asmr

Always consult your doctor and seek help early enough to prevent complications

What Is an Appendectomy? An appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix. It’s a common emergency surgery that’s performed to treat appendicitis, an inflammatory condition of the appendix. The appendix is a small, tube-shaped pouch attached to your large intestine. It’s located in the lower right side of your abdomen. The exact purpose of the appendix isn’t known. However, it’s believed that it may help us recover from diarrhea, inflammation, and infections of the small and large intestines. These may sound like important functions, but the body can still function properly without an appendix. When the appendix becomes inflamed and swollen, bacteria can quickly multiply inside the organ and lead to the formation of pus. This buildup of bacteria and pus can cause pain around the belly button that spreads to the lower right section of the abdomen. Walking or coughing can make the pain worse. You may also experience nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. It’s important to seek treatment right away if you’re having symptoms of appendicitis. When the condition goes untreated, the appendix can burst (perforated appendix) and release bacteria and other harmful substances into the abdominal cavity. This can be life-threatening, and will lead to a longer hospital stay. Appendectomy is the standard treatment for appendicitis. It’s crucial to remove the appendix right away, before the appendix can rupture. Once an appendectomy is performed, most people recover quickly and without complications. Why Is an Appendectomy Performed? An appendectomy is often done to remove the appendix when an infection has made it inflamed and swollen. This condition is known as appendicitis. The infection may occur when the opening of the appendix becomes clogged with bacteria and stool. This causes your appendix to become swollen and inflamed. The easiest and quickest way to treat appendicitis is to remove the appendix. Your appendix could burst if appendicitis isn’t treated immediately and effectively. If the appendix ruptures, the bacteria and fecal particles within the organ can spread into your abdomen. This may lead to a serious infection called peritonitis. You can also develop an abscess if your appendix ruptures. Both are life-threatening situations that require immediate surgery. Symptoms of appendicitis include: stomach pain that starts suddenly near the belly button and spreads to the lower right side of the abdomen abdominal swelling rigid abdominal muscles constipation or diarrhea nausea vomiting loss of appetite low-grade fever Although pain from appendicitis typically occurs in the lower right side of the abdomen, pregnant women may have pain in the upper right side of the abdomen. This is because the appendix is higher during pregnancy. Go to the emergency room immediately if you believe you have appendicitis. An appendectomy needs to be performed right away to prevent complications. What Are the Risks of an Appendectomy? An appendectomy is a fairly simple and common procedure. However, there are some risks associated with the surgery, including: bleeding infection injury to nearby organs blocked bowels It’s important to note that the risks of an appendectomy are much less severe than the risks associated with untreated appendicitis. An appendectomy needs to be done immediately to prevent abscesses and peritonitis from developing. How Do I Prepare for an Appendectomy? You’ll need to avoid eating and drinking for at least eight hours before the appendectomy. It’s also important to tell your doctor about any prescription or over-the-counter medications you’re taking. Your doctor will tell you how they should be used before and after the procedure. You should also tell your doctor if you: are pregnant or believe you may be pregnant are allergic or sensitive to latex or certain medications, such as anesthesia have a history of bleeding disorders You should also arrange for a family member or friend to drive you home after the procedure. An appendectomy is often performed using general anesthesia, which can make you drowsy and unable to drive for several hours after surgery. Once you’re at the hospital, your doctor will ask you about your medical history and perform a physical examination. During the exam, your doctor will gently push against your abdomen to pinpoint the source of your abdominal pain. Your doctor may order blood tests and imaging tests if appendicitis is caught early. However, these tests may not be performed if your doctor believes an emergency appendectomy is necessary. Before the appendectomy, you’ll be hooked up to an IV so you can receive fluids and medication. You’ll likely be put under general anesthesia, which means you’ll be asleep during surgery. In some cases, you’ll be given local anesthesia instead. A local anesthetic numbs the area, so even though you’ll be awake during the surgery, you won’t feel any pain. How Is an Appendectomy Performed? There are two types of appendectomy: open and laparoscopic. The type of surgery your doctor chooses depends on several factors, including the severity of your appendicitis and your medical history. Open Appendectomy During an open appendectomy, a surgeon makes one incision in the lower right side of your abdomen. Your appendix is removed and the wound is closed with stiches. This procedure allows your doctor to clean the abdominal cavity if your appendix has burst. Your doctor may choose an open appendectomy if your appendix has ruptured and the infection has spread to other organs. It’s also the preferred option for people who have had abdominal surgery in the past. Laparoscopic Appendectomy During a laparoscopic appendectomy, a surgeon accesses the appendix through a few small incisions in your abdomen. A small, narrow tube called a cannula will then be inserted. The cannula is used to inflate your abdomen with carbon dioxide gas. This gas allows the surgeon to see your appendix more clearly. Once the abdomen is inflated, an instrument called a laparoscope will be inserted through the incision. The laparoscope is a long, thin tube with a high-intensity light and a high-resolution camera at the front. The camera will display the images on a screen, allowing the surgeon to see inside your abdomen and guide the instruments. When the appendix is found, it will be tied off with stiches and removed. The small incisions are then cleaned, closed, and dressed. Laparoscopic surgery is usually the best option for older adults and people who are overweight. It has fewer risks than an open appendectomy procedure, and generally has a shorter recovery time. What Happens After an Appendectomy? When the appendectomy is over, you’ll be observed for several hours before you’re released from the hospital. Your vital signs, such your breathing and heart rate, will be monitored closely. Hospital staff will also check for any adverse reactions to the anesthesia or the procedure. The timing of your release will depend on: your overall physical condition the type of appendectomy performed your body’s reaction to the surgery In some cases, you may have to remain in the hospital overnight. You may be able to go home the same day as the surgery if your appendicitis wasn’t severe. A family member or friend will need to drive you home if you received general anesthesia. The effects of general anesthesia usually take several hours to wear off, so it can be unsafe to drive after the procedure. In the days following the appendectomy, you may feel moderate pain in the areas where incisions were made. Any pain or discomfort should improve within a few days. Your doctor may prescribe medication to relieve the pain. They might also prescribe antibiotics to prevent an infection after surgery. You can further reduce your risk for infection by keeping the incisions clean. You should also watch for signs of infection, which include: redness and swelling around the incision fever above 101°F chills vomiting loss of appetite stomach cramps diarrhea or constipation that lasts for more than two days Although there’s a small risk of infection, most people recover from appendicitis and an appendectomy with little difficulty. Full recovery from an appendectomy takes about four to six weeks. During this time, your doctor will probably recommend that you limit physical activity so your body can heal. You’ll need to attend a follow-up appointment with your doctor within two to three weeks after the appendectomy.

You may have heard that some positions, such as your partner on top (missionary position), are better than others for getting pregnant. In fact, there's no evidence to back these theories up. Experts just haven't done the research yet. What experts have done, though, is use scanning to show what's going on inside when you're doing the deed. The research looked at two positions: the missionary position and doggy style. (Doggy style being when you're on all fours, and your partner enters you from behind). Common sense tells us that these positions allow for deep penetration. This means that they're more likely to place sperm right next to your cervix (the opening of your uterus). The scans confirm that the tip of the penis reaches the areas between the cervix and vaginal walls in both of these positions. The missionary position allows the penis to reach the area at the front of the cervix. The rear entry position reaches the area at back of the cervix. It's amazing what some experts spend their time doing, isn't it! Other positions, such as standing up, or woman on top, may be just as good for getting sperm right next to the cervix. We just don't know yet. So, in the meantime, enjoy some variety in your sex life and keep it fun while you're trying for a baby. And talk to others who are hoping to get pregnant by joining our Actively trying group. Do I have to have an orgasm to conceive? Obviously, it's very important for your partner to reach orgasm if you are trying for a baby. There is no evidence, however, that you need to orgasm to conceive. The female orgasm is all about pleasure and satisfaction. It doesn't really help to get the sperm to the egg. Gentle contractions in your uterus can help the sperm along, but these happen without you having an orgasm. So, it's really not vital for you to reach orgasm after your partner, or even to reach orgasm at all, for you to conceive.